The Fascinating Sumerian Civilization: Pioneers of Timekeeping and Cosmology The Sumerian civilization, which flourished from 4100 B.C.E. to around 1750 B.C.E., was a groundbreaking culture that left an indelible mark on human history. The name "Sumer" itself translates to "land of the civilized kings," reflecting the Sumerians' advanced social structure and governance. Innovations in Timekeeping One of the most significant contributions of the Sumerians was their innovative approach to timekeep