Bitcoin’s BIP-360 introduces P2MR to reduce quantum risk. Here is what changes, what trade-offs come with it and what it does not fix.

Every time you send a text, pay for groceries with your phone, or use your health site, you are relying on encryption.

Oracle-based quantum algorithms cannot use deep loops because quantum states exist only as mathematical amplitudes in Hilbert ...

Those that solve artificially simplified problems where quantum advantage is meaningless. Those that provide no genuine ...

When Edsger W. Dijkstra published his algorithm in 1959, computer networks were barely a thing. The algorithm in question found the shortest path between any two nodes on a graph, with a variant ...

It's not every day that someone leaves a job in one of the world's most successful fabless semiconductor companies – ARM – to join a startup, but Noel Hurley met a startup that was solving a problem ...

Abstract: Multi-scalar multiplication (MSM) is the primary computational bottleneck in zero-knowledge proof protocols. To address this, we introduce FAMA, an FPGA-oriented MSM accelerator developed ...

The original version of this story appeared in Quanta Magazine. One July afternoon in 2024, Ryan Williams set out to prove himself wrong. Two months had passed since he’d hit upon a startling ...

This is an implementation of the Karatsuba polynomial multiplication algorithm in the LEGv8 assembly language, a RISC ISA part of the ARM architecture family. This was done as my final project for ECE ...