The examination of a problem by modeling it as a group of interacting objects. An object is defined by its class, data elements and behavior. For example; in an order processing system, an invoice is ...

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The object-oriented paradigm popularized by languages including Java and C++ has slowly given way to a functional programming approach that is advocated by popular Python libraries and JavaScript ...

Breaking down the design of a program into individual components (modules) that can be programmed and tested independently. It is a requirement for effective development and maintenance of large ...