Bio-inspired computational methods have gained popularity recently. These methods mimic the seemingly complex behavior of ...

Abstract: In this article, an adaptive dynamic programming (ADP)-based optimal control strategy for a series of fractional-order nonlinear systems (FONS) with unknown control directions is ...

Abstract: Traveling salesman problem (TSP) is a combinatorial optimization problem, serving as basis for many real-world applications (e.g., transportation planning, circuit board design, and DNA ...