The present paper describes the success, the methods (mental, informal written, standard algorithm) and the strategies of informal written arithmetic to be observed when 300 elementary students worked ...

This study examined children's justifications and evaluations of derived-fact strategies-strategies for solving addition and subtraction problems by using known combinations-to explore their knowledge ...

Scarlett Howard received funding for this project from The Company of Biologists and the Australian Government. Adrian Dyer and Jair Garcia do not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding ...