The path (1- 2s) is for an ideal isentropic compressor, the path (1 - 2) is for a real compressor. The path (2 - 3) takes place in the condensing tank, and the path (4 - 1) is in the evaporating tank.

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is not new to refrigeration systems. Alexander Twining proposed using CO2 as a refrigerant in a British patent granted him in 1850. Thaddeus S.C. Lowe, perhaps best known for his ...

Air conditioning is essential for new cars. But the fluorocarbon refrigerant HFC-134a — the global standard — is considered an ozone-depleting substance and the European Union passed regulations ...