Many statistical procedures used in educational research are described as requiring that dependent variables follow a normal distribution, implying an interval scale of measurement. Despite the ...

Scale development, scale appropriateness, and scale utilization are crucial topics in the marketing research literature (Bendixen & Yurova, 2012; Cramphorn, 2012 ...

A vertical score scale is needed to measure growth across multiple tests in terms of absolute changes in magnitude. Since the warrant for subsequent growth interpretations depends upon the assumption ...