Behaviorism was born from research done by Ivan Pavlov in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Pavlov’s research into animal digestion led to the recognition that the animals that were being ...

Whether any non-human animal can attribute mental states to others remains the subject of extensive debate. This despite the fact that several species have behaved as if they have a 'theory of mind' ...

Comprehensively explains animal learning theories and current best practices in animal training within zoos. This accessible, up-to-date book on animal training in a zoo/aquaria context provides a ...

The buzz of a notification or the ding of an email might inspire excitement—or dread. In a famous experiment, Ivan Pavlov (pictured) showed that dogs can be taught to salivate at the tick of a ...

EVER since the original enunciation by Baldwin 1 in 1896 of the theory of ‘organic selection’, the suggestion that local differences of habit (local ‘traditions’ as Elton 2 has termed them) may be the ...

How do animals use the information they obtain from their environment to move through space, time their activities, assess quantity, or remember the past? Deep inside a hive, a honey bee (Apis ...

Educational agents (including animal companions) are a kind of interface agent, which is a significant component in educational systems, and has great impacts on student learning. However, with the ...

Understanding the biological basis of consciousness or subjective experience is one of the most exciting and challenging projects of this century. For many reasons, an evolutionary approach to this ...

The basis of social learning theory is simple: People learn by watching other people. We can learn from anyone—teachers, parents, siblings, peers, co-workers, YouTube influencers, athletes, and even ...