Z-scores measure how far a closed-end fund's current discount status is from its average premium or discount. Writers will often highlight the probability of a given Z-score, usually to bolster an ...

A z-statistic, or z-score, measures relative discounts and relative premiums for closed-end funds. Z-scores can add context to a closed-end funds’ current discounts and premiums. For a premium, a ...

Among companies trading on the New York Stock Exchange and the Nasdaq, consumer cyclical, consumer defensive and industrial companies generally have strong Altman Z-scores. This suggests that these ...

In light of the recent surge in coronavirus cases, there is a growing risk that a prolonged economic downturn could result in more business failures this year. Last year, we have discussed in this ...

Z-score is an extremely useful technique not only for screening, but also for stock picking and portfolio structuring. A backtest shows that using a composite Z-score, based on PC, PTBV and PE ratios, ...

Three years after raising almost $70 billion in the largest share issue ever, Brazil's state-owned oil and gas Petrobras is in the midst of an unprecedented financial crisis. As the company approaches ...

Thomas J. Brock is a CFA and CPA with more than 20 years of experience in various areas including investing, insurance portfolio management, finance and accounting, personal investment and financial ...