A universal passive logic element of positive and negative logic, made on just one transistor, is proposed. The logic element has at least two inputs, as well as three outputs: an OR, an XOR, and an ...

This is a preview. Log in through your library . Abstract Kolmogorov introduced an informal calculus of problems in an attempt to provide a classical semantics for intuitionistic logic. This was later ...

The study of monadic algebraic structures and fuzzy logic has evolved into a vibrant research area that bridges abstract algebra with the nuanced reasoning of uncertainty. By incorporating unary ...