This is a preview. Log in through your library . Abstract Kolmogorov introduced an informal calculus of problems in an attempt to provide a classical semantics for intuitionistic logic. This was later ...

The study of monadic algebraic structures and fuzzy logic has evolved into a vibrant research area that bridges abstract algebra with the nuanced reasoning of uncertainty. By incorporating unary ...

This is a preview. Log in through your library . Abstract This paper studies the expressive power that an extra first order quantifier adds to a fragment of monadic second order logic, extending the ...