This is an example of multiclass classification because the variable to predict, optimism, has three or more possible values. If the variable to predict has just two possible values, the problem would ...

In addition to binary classification, naive Bayes can also be used for multi-class classification, for example, predicting job type (actuary, barista, chemist, dentist) from eye color, country and sex ...

Naive Bayes Classification: A probabilistic model that applies Bayes’ theorem assuming conditional independence among features, used extensively for its efficiency and interpretability.