We propose a spray pattern control method for swirl-type injectors in direct injection (Dl) gasoline engines. An Lcut orifice nozzle (L-Step nozzle) that produces a horseshoe spray pattern is used to ...

The atomization of FCC feed is accomplished through a series of feed injection nozzles. Typically, the feed is introduced ...

The pins on a noid light (used for testing fuel injectors) match up with the pins on your fuel injectors. (Photograph by Dennis Kleiman) Tackle this one systematically. If the engine has fuel, spark ...

The field of spray atomization and injector dynamics is pivotal to optimising combustion efficiency and minimising pollutant emissions across a range of industrial applications. This area of research ...

This is a preview. Log in through your library . Abstract ABSTRACT This paper describes the findings of a design, simulation and test study into how to reduce particulate number (Pn) emissions in ...