Shock waves are steep wavefronts that are fundamental in nature, especially in high-speed fluid flows. When a shock hits an obstacle, or a flying body meets a shock, shock reflection/diffraction ...

As the result of the measurements to be described, it has been established that reflection and diffraction by mountains takes place to an extent which was not fully appreciated hitherto. In these ...

FROM the first investigations of G. P. Thomson 1 dealing with the structure of surface layers up to the present time, the method of using a specimen ground flat has remained apparently without change ...

Researchers built a silver-grooved chip that channels laser energy into nanometer-spaced peaks, beating the diffraction limit and aiding light-matter studies.

For years, capturing detailed three-dimensional images of complex biological specimens has posed a major challenge due to their intricate composition and the multiple scattering of light. A ...

Researchers at the National Physical Laboratory (NPL) are developing systems of materials whose properties can be varied to change how they reflect and absorb electromagnetic radiation. These ...

Fresnel zone plate (FZP) stacking is an approach to enhance diffraction efficiency in x-ray focusing and imaging by physically aligning 2 or more FZPs to increase the effective thickness and optical ...