The demand for greater data throughput seems endless, and it is accelerating faster than many people expected, creating bottlenecks in fiber-optics networks. Digital transmissions of 100 Gbps, which ...

Eliminating software adjustments in circuits based on digital logic improves robustness and reduces cost for small-production-run series. This circuit is a cost-improved version of classical QPSK ...

Fig 1. In this view of the architecture of an optical analyzer, the coherent reference receiver serves as the optical front end to the digitizer, taking as inputs two single-mode fibers, one carrying ...

NHK has been studying a multi-level coded modulation scheme for expanding satellite transmission capacity. It can bring out the transmission performance of multi ...