Picture an atom, and you may imagine spherical electrons orbiting a nucleus packed with particles like neutrons. Only certain orbits - quantum levels - are possible. It's a simplistic model, yet ...

The Standard Model (SM) was developed in the late 1960s to answer the questions "What is the world made of? What holds the universe together?" It provides an elegant theoretical framework to study ...

Neutrinos are the ninjas of the universe. They don’t interact with other particles very often, but when they do, they obliterate them. Until now. Scientists have observed a new way that neutrinos ...

A history of the atom, from the ancient Greeks to the early 20th century, and a new challenge for the world of physics. Ch Frame Code Title 1 A Opening Sequence 2 02505 G Ultimate Constituents Of ...