This study suggests an intelligent clustering protocol in Wireless Sensor Networks, called RL-ILEACH, which incorporates Reinforcement Learning (RL) into the ILEACH (Improved Low-Energy Adaptive ...

Mobile ad hoc networks, known as MANETs, remain one of the most challenging environments in modern communications. Unlike ...

Prefix-independent convergence uses preinstalled backup paths and forwarding indirection to keep network recovery from ...

A network protocol is a set of established rules that specify how to format, send and receive data so that computer network endpoints, including computers, servers, routers and virtual machines, can ...

Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is a distance vector protocol that uses hop count as its primary metric. RIP defines how routers should share information when moving traffic among an interconnected ...

In a computer network, the transmission of data is based on the routing protocol which selects the best routes between any two nodes. Different types of routing protocols are applied to specific ...

Routing is the process of determining where to send data packets that are destined for addresses outside the local network. Routers gather and maintain routing information to enable the transmission ...

At the core of the IP layer is a set of routing functions and routing protocols. This appendix discusses how each of the widely used routing protocols operates. Before delving into the protocols ...

Network protocols are formal standards and policies consisting of rules, procedures, and formats that define how data is exchanged over networks. They ensure that devices can communicate effectively, ...