Forbes contributors publish independent expert analyses and insights. The Universe is out there, waiting for you to discover it. If you want to learn what the Universe is made out of at a fundamental ...

Physicists have shown that Markov processes, widely used to model complex systems, must unfold over a larger space than previously assumed. Scientists believe that time is continuous, not discrete -- ...

A method to replace a continuous univariate distribution with a discrete distribution that takes MN different values is analysed. Both distributions share the same rth moments for r = 0,..., 2N - 1 ...