Enhancers are genetic elements that have major roles in determining cell type-specific gene expression patterns and responses to internal and external signals. Mammalian genomes contain millions of ...

While the White House reported Monday that the U.S. intelligence community has not yet reached a “consensus” on the origins of the COVID-19 virus, the Biden administration voiced support for the ...

Genes contain instructions for making proteins, and a central dogma of biology is that this information flows from DNA to RNA to proteins. But only two percent of the human genome actually encodes ...

Enzymes that are found inside the cells are responsible for various tasks. They are building blocks of muscles; destroy toxins and breaks down food into particles for proper digestion. Shape of an ...

Interferons (IFNs) are widely expressed cytokines with strong antiviral properties. There are three main types of IFNs: type I IFNs, type II IFN and type III IFNs. In addition to their role in ...

A government study, one of the most extensive examinations ever of the long-term effects of marijuana use, has found that smoking one joint a day for 7 years, or one joint a week for 49 years, does ...

Unlike digital RF generators that produce only sine waves, function generators can produce repetitive waveforms of different shapes such as sine, square, triangular, sawtooth, and pulse. Function ...

Researchers in Canada have, for the first time ever, demonstrated how acute exposure to traffic pollution can immediately impair human brain function, offering unique evidence of the connection ...

When paleontologists put together a life history for a long-extinct animal, it's common to infer the foods it ate by looking at modern animals with similar skull shapes and tooth patterns. But this ...