However, it was clear this flawed engine design was not going to do the heavy lifting for GM going forward. The oil crisis had sparked critical GM vehicle downsizing programs, such as the compact ...

Pontiac's 151-cubic-inch 92-hp 4-cylinder production engine began in 1978 as the "Iron Duke." It was offered as the base engine in Pontiac Astras, Sunbirds, and other GM compacts like the Chevrolet ...