Scientists across all fields make various types of claims about their innovations. Validity tests check whether they deliver ...

This is a preview. Log in through your library . Abstract Background and Purpose: The impact of stroke is multidimensional however standard stroke measures do not discriminate well when stroke ...

The following discussion is based on the framework of Campbell and Stanley, [1] in that specific threats to establishing a cause-and-effect relationship (i.e., internal validity) are associated with ...

When investigators think of generalizability, they typically think of extrapolating the results to other patient populations, depending on whether patients were selected for the study by means of ...