Investors understand intuitively that some stocks are riskier than others. The capital asset pricing model attempts to quantify the common perception of risk using a term called beta. By understanding ...

Almost every day you can find in media commentary that XYZ is causing stocks to fall (or rise). Such definitive statements are common—but what’s almost always missing is statistical proof. And if you ...

Correlation coefficients are indicators of the strength of the linear relationship between two different variables, x and y. A linear correlation coefficient that is greater than zero indicates a ...

Let’s assume you have implemented a microservices architecture. In an application comprised of microservices, different aspects of incoming requests will be handled by different microservices, all ...

Too many leaders take an incomplete approach to understanding empirical patterns, leading to costly mistakes and misinterpretations. As we have discussed before, one extremely common mistake is ...

Many traders find that it’s easier to sustain success through stocks that meet certain characteristics, which they understand enough to trade on a consistent basis. These stocks could be in a certain ...

Daniel Jassy, CFA, is an Investopedia Academy instructor and the founder of SPYderCRusher Research. He contributes to Excel and Algorithmic Trading. Amy is an ACA and the CEO and founder of OnPoint ...

An Excel pie chart displays categories of data as wedges in a circular graph. This format allows users to quickly see the contribution each category makes to the total figure and a correlation of ...