The special properties of rare earth magnetic materials are due to the electrons in the 4f shell. Until now, the magnetic properties of 4f electrons were considered almost impossible to control. Now, ...

Rare earth elements are some of the most indispensable materials in modern technology. These 17 elements from the periodic table, such as gadolinium, praseodymium and lanthanum, play critical roles in ...

While there are over a hundred known elements, the vast majority of the material on Earth is composed of just a handful of elements; oxygen, silicon, aluminum, to name a few. But what is the Earth ...