Introduction : how to write history of biology -- The place of biology in the sciences and its conceptual structure -- The changing intellectual milieu of biology Diversity of life. Macrotaxonomy, the ...

Reflections on the archaeology of linguistic diversity / Colin Renfrew -- The fossil record of the evolution of Homo sapiens in Europe and Australasia / Chris Stringer -- Language classification : ...

A random mutation in a gene can alter its function and bring about a new characteristic that can pass down for many generations, but this may not be the only way that organisms can inherit a trait.

Current phylogenetic comparative methods modeling quantitative trait evolution generally assume that, during speciation, phenotypes are inherited identically between the two daughter species. This, ...

A new theory suggests that cultural systems dictated how human beings survived and not genetics, hinting at adaptability and reproduction.