The more time you spend in the blockchain and cryptocurrency industry, the more you encounter some fairly arcane technologies and their accompanying terminologies. Blockchain technology, which started ...

Acyclic directed mixed graphs (ADMGs) are graphs that contain directed (→) and bidirected (↔) edges, subject to the constraint that there are no cycles of directed edges. Such graphs may be used to ...

Chain graphs are a natural generalization of directed acyclic graphs and undirected graphs. However, the apparent simplicity of chain graphs belies the subtlety of the conditional independence ...

Recent clinical trials in oncology have used increasingly complex methodologies, such as causal inference methods for intercurrent events, external control, and covariate adjustment, posing challenges ...