The Soviet VIC cipher used in the early 1950s, long known for being complex and secure, may not be as impossible to crack as initially assumed. According to a recent article cracking the infamous ...

You could do worse than to confuse the meanings of "code" and "cipher"—even cryptographers sometime use the terms as though they had the same meaning. There is, however, a definite distinction between ...

Introduction: A revolutionary cipher -- Cryptology before 1500: a bit of magic -- The black chambers: 1500-1776 -- Crypto goes to war: the American Revolution -- Crypto goes to war: the American Civil ...