Chemical structure of guanine, showing its double-ring purine structure and the functional groups involved in hydrogen bonding with cytosine. (Image: Public Domain) Guanine has the chemical formula ...

This image depicts the chemical structure of cytosine. It shows a hexagonal ring with nitrogen atoms at positions 1 and 3, and a primary amine group attached to carbon 4. The two remaining positions ...

DNA holds our genetic blueprints, but its cousin, RNA, conducts our daily lives I n 1957, just four years after Francis Crick ...

Proteins carry out many of an organism's critical functions, and they are coded for by genes. To make a protein from a gene, a cell first needs a copy of the gene in the form of a molecule called RNA.

People are still debating whether the mRNA from COVID-19 vaccines remains in the body longer than it should. Some say it ...

The development of DNA-/RNA-based drugs, like COVID-19 vaccines, is exploding. Current methods are costly, but researchers are finding effective and inexpensive method for producing stable, modified ...

New research suggests life began with a chimeric mix of RNA and DNA. This would explain a longstanding puzzle, because pure RNA is hard to split apart. Enzyme-free RNA transmission could have ...