At 1 year, persistent radiculopathy was similar in the sham- and steroid-treated groups. Epidural steroid injections (ESIs; interlaminar, transforaminal, or caudal) are used to treat patients with ...

Caudal epidural steroid injection (ESI) is an established treatment for spine-related problems, although reported success rates vary, largely as a result of incorrect placement of the needle. Use of ...

Background A 79-year-old woman with a history of chronic back pain and urinary urgency presented to a spine center for treatment and evaluation for axial low back pain. The patient described the back ...

In this study, caudal ESI was ineffective for chronic lumbar radiculopathy. These results are consistent with those from a recent systematic review (Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2009; 34:49) and an American ...