Recent advances in noninvasive cardiac output measurement techniques have greatly enhanced the ability to monitor haemodynamics in paediatric patients with minimal risk. These methodologies, which ...

It’s how much blood your heart pumps in 1 minute. Your doctor uses the measurement to see if you might have heart problems or to check how well a treatment works. Your blood carries oxygen and ...

Mathematicalmodels of cardiac action potentials have become increasingly important in the study of heart disease and pharmacology, but concerns linger over their robustness during long periods of ...

High output and low output heart failure refer to how much blood your heart pumps to your body with each heartbeat. In both cases, the output is not enough to meet your body’s needs. A diagnosis of ...

transport and deliver oxygen, nutrients and hormones to the body remove waste products such as carbon dioxide and lactic acid protection against disease and infection maintain body temperature When a ...

Decreased cardiac output is when your heart can no longer pump enough oxygen to meet the demands of your body. A rapid heart rate is a common symptom, but there are others, too. Your heart is ...