Future Neurology. 2013;8(2):205-224. Multimodal monitoring including ICP, MAP, CPP, partial pressure of cerebral tissue oxygen, cerebral lactate, pyruvate, glucose, glycerol and glutamate by ...

Measurement and management of intracranial pressure (ICP) and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP = mean arterial pressure [MAP] – ICP) have been mainstays of neurocritical care for decades.