The environment and the organisms living in it are continuously exposed to a wide range of chemicals. From chlorine-based solutions that remove bacteria from water to pesticides that treat and protect ...

The bioconcentration factor shows the concentration of chemical substances in fish as compared to the surrounding water. It is the standard measure for determining the bioaccumulation of chemicals in ...

Human activities have altered natural concentrations of multiple elements in the environment and added new chemicals. These chemicals can be taken up by organisms through various routes of exposure, ...