Psychologists have been trained to do data analysis by asking whether null values can be rejected. Is the difference between groups nonzero? Is choice accuracy not at chance level? These questions ...

ABSTRACT One source of uncertainty for climate model predictions arises from the fact that climate models have been optimized to reproduce observational means. To quantify the uncertainty resulting ...

(abridged) Gaia should increase significantly our knowledge of exoplanet systems, in terms of both their number and physical properties. We develop Bayesian methods and detection criteria for orbital ...