Using thin films of dielectric materials in optical coatings have long been common practice in the glass and optics industries. For example, Bragg mirrors in laser cavities are formed using ...

Silvery fish have evolved an elegant optical scheme for overcoming the Brewster effect, creating broadband, polarization-neutral reflections for any angle of incidence. Nicholas Roberts explained to ...

Schematic of a grazing incidence small and wide angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS/GIWAXS) experimental setup showing the incident (αi) and the scattered angles along the horizontal (2θf) and vertical (αf ...

Refraction close refractionProcess by which a wave changes speed and sometimes direction upon entering a denser or less dense medium, eg a light ray changes direction when refracted by a lens. of ...