Using thin films of dielectric materials in optical coatings have long been common practice in the glass and optics industries. For example, Bragg mirrors in laser cavities are formed using ...

Schematic of a grazing incidence small and wide angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS/GIWAXS) experimental setup showing the incident (αi) and the scattered angles along the horizontal (2θf) and vertical (αf ...

Silvery fish have evolved an elegant optical scheme for overcoming the Brewster effect, creating broadband, polarization-neutral reflections for any angle of incidence. Nicholas Roberts explained to ...

Ever wonder how a mirror works? If you want to find the path that light takes when reflecting off a surface, you could use Fermat's Principle. This states something like this: The path that light ...

Refraction close refractionProcess by which a wave changes speed and sometimes direction upon entering a denser or less dense medium, eg a light ray changes direction when refracted by a lens. of ...

Straight wave reflection from straight barriers, 80-231, approx 3 minutes Single straight pulses are reflected from a straight barrier placed parallel to the wave front, then at 35, 45 and 55 degrees.