Most of us have little trouble working out how many millilitres are in 2.4 litres of water (it’s 2,400). But the same can’t ...

Quantum mechanics has at last been formulated exclusively with real numbers, bringing a mathematical puzzle at the heart of ...

As we end the first fifth of the 21st Century, human societies face global challenges of unimaginable scale. Global pandemics pose the risk of killing millions of people and paralyzing economies.

Complex numbers are numbers that consist of two parts — a real number and an imaginary number. Complex numbers are the building blocks of more intricate math, such as algebra. They can be applied to ...

Many important phenomena, concerning ecosystems, societies, our health, or even science itself, are more than the simple sum of their parts. Complex systems are what emerge when basic building blocks ...

A forgotten number system invented in the 19th century may provide the simplest explanation for why our universe could have 10 dimensions As children, we all learn about numbers. We start with ...

Analysing human societies as complex systems can provide an insight into historical processes and the strengths and weaknesses of capitalism. Complex systems theory is a scientific theory coming out ...